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/ Mojo::Parameters
Security Advisories (2)
CVE-2024-58134 (2025-05-03)

Mojolicious versions from 0.999922 for Perl uses a hard coded string, or the application's class name, as a HMAC session secret by default. These predictable default secrets can be exploited to forge session cookies. An attacker who knows or guesses the secret could compute valid HMAC signatures for the session cookie, allowing them to tamper with or hijack another user's session.

CVE-2024-58135 (2025-05-03)

Mojolicious versions from 7.28 for Perl may generate weak HMAC session secrets. When creating a default app with the "mojo generate app" tool, a weak secret is written to the application's configuration file using the insecure rand() function, and used for authenticating and protecting the integrity of the application's sessions. This may allow an attacker to brute force the application's session keys.

NAME

Mojo::Parameters - Parameters

SYNOPSIS

use Mojo::Parameters;

# Parse
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar&baz=23');
say $params->param('baz');

# Build
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new(foo => 'bar', baz => 23);
push @$params, i => '♥ mojolicious';
say "$params";

DESCRIPTION

Mojo::Parameters is a container for form parameters used by Mojo::URL, based on RFC 3986 and the HTML Living Standard.

ATTRIBUTES

Mojo::Parameters implements the following attributes.

charset

my $charset = $params->charset;
$params     = $params->charset('UTF-8');

Charset used for encoding and decoding parameters, defaults to UTF-8.

# Disable encoding and decoding
$params->charset(undef);

METHODS

Mojo::Parameters inherits all methods from Mojo::Base and implements the following new ones.

append

$params = $params->append(foo => 'ba&r');
$params = $params->append(foo => ['ba&r', 'baz']);
$params = $params->append(foo => ['bar', 'baz'], bar => 23);
$params = $params->append(Mojo::Parameters->new);

Append parameters. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# "foo=bar&foo=baz"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar')->append(Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=baz'));

# "foo=bar&foo=baz"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar')->append(foo => 'baz');

# "foo=bar&foo=baz&foo=yada"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar')->append(foo => ['baz', 'yada']);

# "foo=bar&foo=baz&foo=yada&bar=23"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar')->append(foo => ['baz', 'yada'], bar => 23);

clone

my $params2 = $params->clone;

Return a new Mojo::Parameters object cloned from these parameters.

every_param

my $values = $params->every_param('foo');

Similar to "param", but returns all values sharing the same name as an array reference. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# Get first value
say $params->every_param('foo')->[0];

merge

$params = $params->merge(foo => 'ba&r');
$params = $params->merge(foo => ['ba&r', 'baz']);
$params = $params->merge(foo => ['bar', 'baz'], bar => 23);
$params = $params->merge(Mojo::Parameters->new);

Merge parameters. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# "foo=baz"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar')->merge(Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=baz'));

# "yada=yada&foo=baz"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar&yada=yada')->merge(foo => 'baz');

# "yada=yada"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar&yada=yada')->merge(foo => undef);

names

my $names = $params->names;

Return an array reference with all parameter names.

# Names of all parameters
say for @{$params->names};

new

my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new;
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=b%3Bar&baz=23');
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new(foo => 'b&ar');
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new(foo => ['ba&r', 'baz']);
my $params = Mojo::Parameters->new(foo => ['bar', 'baz'], bar => 23);

Construct a new Mojo::Parameters object and "parse" parameters if necessary.

pairs

my $array = $params->pairs;
$params   = $params->pairs([foo => 'b&ar', baz => 23]);

Parsed parameter pairs. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# Remove all parameters
$params->pairs([]);

param

my $value = $params->param('foo');
$params   = $params->param(foo => 'ba&r');
$params   = $params->param(foo => qw(ba&r baz));
$params   = $params->param(foo => ['ba;r', 'baz']);

Access parameter values. If there are multiple values sharing the same name, and you want to access more than just the last one, you can use "every_param". Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

parse

$params = $params->parse('foo=b%3Bar&baz=23');

Parse parameters.

remove

$params = $params->remove('foo');

Remove parameters. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# "bar=yada"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar&foo=baz&bar=yada')->remove('foo');

to_hash

my $hash = $params->to_hash;

Turn parameters into a hash reference. Note that this method will normalize the parameters.

# "baz"
Mojo::Parameters->new('foo=bar&foo=baz')->to_hash->{foo}[1];

to_string

my $str = $params->to_string;

Turn parameters into a string.

# "foo=bar&baz=23"
Mojo::Parameters->new->pairs([foo => 'bar', baz => 23])->to_string;

OPERATORS

Mojo::Parameters overloads the following operators.

array

my @pairs = @$params;

Alias for "pairs". Note that this will normalize the parameters.

say $params->[0];
say for @$params;

bool

my $bool = !!$params;

Always true.

stringify

my $str = "$params";

Alias for "to_string".

SEE ALSO

Mojolicious, Mojolicious::Guides, https://mojolicious.org.